Skip to main content
Free research Free research Free compound review with research home and workspace preview
Quick search ChEMBL 36
Compound Detail

CHEMBL184

ACYCLOVIR
💊 Approved Drug
Enter ChEMBL ID:
Free Research Context This compound will appear in recent viewed items on the research home for this browser.
Research home View demo workspace
💊 Approved Drug
Nc1nc2c(ncn2COCCO)c(=O)[nH]1
ChEMBL ↗ Properties Compare Identifier

Basic Information

ChEMBL ID CHEMBL184
Name ACYCLOVIR
Phase Approved
Structure Type MOL
InChI Key MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Therapeutic ✓ Yes
Active Moiety CHEMBL1673

Known Names

Aciclovir Aciclovirum Acycloguanosine Acyclovir Acyclovir component of xerese Avaclyr Avert Clearsore Cymex ultra Duvimex Gerpevir Herpetad +15 more
27
Targets
605
Activities
4
Assay Types
30
PK Parameters
20
Publications
27
Known Names
9
Indications
1
Mechanisms

Molecular Properties

225.2
MW (Da)
-1.33
ALogP
7
HBA
3
HBD
119.0
PSA (Ų)
0.55
QED
0
Ro5 Violations
4
Rot. Bonds

Drug Information

Molecule Type Small molecule
First Approval 1982
Availability Prescription
Chirality Achiral

Routes of Administration

Oral Parenteral Topical

Flags

Natural Product Prodrug
USAN Stem -vir
USAN Year 1979

Extended Properties

Molecular Formula C8H11N5O3
MW 225.21
Aromatic Rings 2
Heavy Atoms 16
NP-Likeness -0.10

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism Action Type Target Direct Efficacy
Human herpesvirus 1 DNA polymerase inhibitor INHIBITOR DNA polymerase catalytic subunit ✓ ✓

Indications

Chickenpox Eye Infections Herpes Genitalis Herpes Labialis Herpes Simplex Herpes Zoster Virus Diseases Cytomegalovirus Infections HIV Infections

ATC Classification

D06BB03
aciclovir
Level 1: DERMATOLOGICALS
Level 2: ANTIBIOTICS AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE
D06BB53
aciclovir, combinations
Level 1: DERMATOLOGICALS
Level 2: ANTIBIOTICS AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE
J05AB01
aciclovir
Level 1: ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE
Level 2: ANTIVIRALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
S01AD03
aciclovir
Level 1: SENSORY ORGANS
Level 2: OPHTHALMOLOGICALS

Activity Summary

EC50 467 meas. best 8.05
IC50 134 meas. best 7.0
Ki 3 meas. best 7.0
Kd 1 meas. best 4.9

Target Activity Profile

Target Type Best pChEMBL Mean pChEMBL Best (nM) # Data
Human alphaherpesvirus 3
CHEMBL613132
 EC50 8.05 5.2261 9.0 142
Human alphaherpesvirus 1
CHEMBL377
 EC50 7.96 5.7085 11.0 130
Hepatitis B virus
CHEMBL613497
 EC50 7.7 7.7 20.0 1
Homo sapiens
CHEMBL372
 EC50 7.4 6.055 40.0 6
Human alphaherpesvirus 2
CHEMBL370
 EC50 7.1 5.9217 80.0 69
Human alphaherpesvirus 1
CHEMBL377
 IC50 7.0 5.6304 100.0 48
Vero
CHEMBL391
 IC50 7.0 5.398 100.0 15
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
CHEMBL4338
 Ki 7.0 5.52 100.0 2
HeLa
CHEMBL399
 IC50 6.96 5.808 110.0 5
HEL
CHEMBL613888
 IC50 6.8 5.65 160.0 4
HEL
CHEMBL613888
 EC50 6.5 5.1144 320.0 18
Human gammaherpesvirus 4
CHEMBL613124
 EC50 6.48 5.63 330.0 8
Vaccinia virus
CHEMBL613493
 IC50 6.42 6.42 384.0 1
NON-PROTEIN TARGET
CHEMBL3879801
 IC50 6.41 6.41 390.0 1
Human alphaherpesvirus 2
CHEMBL370
 IC50 6.4 5.5267 400.0 9
Human betaherpesvirus 5
CHEMBL371
 EC50 6.29 5.2823 510.0 13
Felid alphaherpesvirus 1
CHEMBL612743
 EC50 6.0 6.0 1000.0 1
Unchecked
CHEMBL612545
 EC50 6.0 6.0 990.0 1
HFF
CHEMBL614071
 EC50 5.96 5.87 1100.0 2
Molecular identity unknown
CHEMBL612546
 EC50 5.82 5.162 1500.0 5
Vaccinia virus
CHEMBL613493
 EC50 5.82 5.82 1500.0 1
ADMET
CHEMBL612558
 IC50 5.77 5.1967 1700.0 3
NON-PROTEIN TARGET
CHEMBL3879801
 EC50 5.72 5.15 1900.0 2
Human alphaherpesvirus 3
CHEMBL613132
 IC50 5.72 4.9635 1900.0 17
BHK-21
CHEMBL614527
 EC50 5.7 5.7 2000.0 2
MRC5
CHEMBL614181
 IC50 5.6 5.15 2500.0 2
Raji
CHEMBL614628
 EC50 5.54 5.54 2900.0 1
Vero
CHEMBL391
 EC50 5.52 5.37 3000.0 4
MRC5
CHEMBL614181
 EC50 5.3 4.7833 5000.0 3
Human adenovirus 2
CHEMBL613715
 EC50 5.24 5.24 5800.0 1
Nucleic Acid
CHEMBL345
 EC50 5.17 5.17 6750.0 1
Human gammaherpesvirus 4
CHEMBL613124
 IC50 5.16 5.16 6900.0 2
HFF
CHEMBL614071
 IC50 5.09 5.09 8100.0 1
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
CHEMBL1169594
 Kd 4.9 4.9 12589.2 1
ADMET
CHEMBL612558
 EC50 4.87 4.87 13600.0 1
Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1
CHEMBL3301403
 EC50 4.71 4.6944 19300.0 25
Human betaherpesvirus 5
CHEMBL371
 IC50 4.7 4.2655 20000.0 11
Oryctolagus cuniculus
CHEMBL374
 EC50 4.29 4.29 51000.0 1
Cytomegalovirus
CHEMBL613134
 IC50 4.2 4.115 63000.0 2

Pharmacokinetic Data

Parameter Value Units Species
AUC 18000.0 ng.hr.mL-1 Equus caballus
AUC 1160.0 ng.hr.mL-1 Equus caballus
AUC 37300.0 ng.hr.mL-1 Equus caballus
AUC 19200.0 ng.hr.mL-1 Equus caballus
AUC 30853.77 ng.hr.mL-1 Homo sapiens
AUC 8332.77 ng.hr.mL-1 Homo sapiens
AUC 129946.17 ng.hr.mL-1 Homo sapiens
AUC 35808.39 ng.hr.mL-1 Homo sapiens
AUC 1129.88 ng.hr.mL-1 Mus musculus
AUC 2781.34 ng.hr.mL-1 Mus musculus
CL 9.833 mL.min-1.kg-1 Equus caballus
CL 6.833 mL.min-1.kg-1 Equus caballus
CL 0.3 L/hr Equus caballus
CL 4.7 mL.min-1.kg-1 Homo sapiens
CL 1.1 mL.min-1.kg-1 Homo sapiens
CL 4.7 mL.min-1.kg-1 Homo sapiens
CL 3.4 mL.min-1.kg-1 Homo sapiens
CL 4.7 mL.min-1.kg-1 Homo sapiens
CL 5.8 mL.min-1.kg-1 Canis lupus familiaris
CL 6.7 mL.min-1.kg-1 Rattus norvegicus
CL 8.4 mL.min-1.kg-1 Macaca
CL 0.2 L/hr Homo sapiens
CL 0.2 L/hr Homo sapiens
CL 0.5 L/hr Homo sapiens
CL 0.5 L/hr Homo sapiens
CL 1.2 L/hr Homo sapiens
Cmax 47511.21 nM Equus caballus
Cmax 1465.3 nM Equus caballus
Cmax 205141.87 nM Equus caballus
Cmax 46179.12 nM Equus caballus

Activity Data Samples

Top measurements by pChEMBL value

Target Type Rel. Value Units pChEMBL Assay PubMed
Human alphaherpesvirus 3 EC50 = 9.0 nM 8.05 Antiviral activity against Varicella zoster virus assessed as inhibition of vira... 33894564
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 EC50 = 11.0 nM 7.96 Antiviral activity against HSV1 PAA5 harboring polymerase R842S mutant gene infe... 19770274
Hepatitis B virus EC50 = 20.0 nM 7.7 Effective concentration to inhibit 50% of hepatitis B virus replication in a cel... 15658867
Human alphaherpesvirus 3 EC50 = 26.0 nM 7.58 Antiviral activity against TK-positive Varicella-zoster virus OKA infected in hu... 23811093
Human alphaherpesvirus 3 EC50 = 30.0 nM 7.52 Inhibition of VZV replication in HFF cells by cytopathic effect assay 17004726
Homo sapiens EC50 = 40.0 nM 7.4 Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for E-377 str... 8394933
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 EC50 = 70.0 nM 7.16 Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS ATCC VR1493 infected in African green monkey... 26819664
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 EC50 = 80.0 nM 7.1 Antiviral activity against HSV1 E377 infected in HFF after 3 days by plaque redu... 19770274
Human alphaherpesvirus 2 EC50 = 80.0 nM 7.1 Antiviral activity against Human simplex virus 2 G infected in human HEL cells a... 23603046
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 EC50 = 80.0 nM 7.1 Antiviral activity against Human simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells... 23603046
Human alphaherpesvirus 2 EC50 = 80.0 nM 7.1 Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assess... 26001344
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 EC50 = 80.0 nM 7.1 Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells asse... 27639368
Homo sapiens EC50 = 90.0 nM 7.05 Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for MS strain... 8394933
Vero IC50 = 100.0 nM 7.0 The concentration required to inhibit the growth of viral plaques by 50% of cont... 2991522
Human alphaherpesvirus 1 IC50 = 100.0 nM 7.0 The compound was tested for plaque inhibition in HSV-1 in cell culture, activity... 6273561
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase Ki = 100.0 nM 7.0 Binding affinity to human erythrocyte PNP assessed as inhibition constant by enz... 38701712
Human alphaherpesvirus 2 EC50 = 100.0 nM 7.0 Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assess... 24690527
Human alphaherpesvirus 2 EC50 = 100.0 nM 7.0 Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in human HEL cells ... 26114811
HeLa IC50 = 110.0 nM 6.96 Ability to inhibit cytopathogenicity of herpes simplex type 1 virus (KOS) in HeL... 11356110
Human alphaherpesvirus 2 EC50 = 140.0 nM 6.85 Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition o... 23099097

Literature References

PubMed DOI Target Context # Activities
- 10.6019/CHEMBL3885881 Rattus norvegicus 434
17846132 10.1128/aac.00116-07 Equus caballus 39
8387600 10.1021/jm00061a013 Mus musculus 26
19858259 10.1128/aac.01435-08 Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 25
19414579 10.1128/aac.01138-08 Homo sapiens 21
20038622 10.1128/aac.00729-09 Homo sapiens 20
3585910 10.1021/jm00389a005 ADMET 20
16472241 10.2174/1570163043334794 Hepatotoxicity 18
9685239 10.1021/jm980182w Vero 14
22194678 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002310 Hepatotoxicity 14
9685239 10.1021/jm980182w Unchecked 14
2989523 10.1021/jm00145a014 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 14
20733037 10.1128/aac.00669-10 Human alphaherpesvirus 2 14
4067994 10.1021/jm00149a024 Mus musculus 13
15916444 10.1021/jm049059x Mus musculus 13
28408228 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.100 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 12
1315394 10.1021/jm00086a015 E6SM 11
1316966 10.1021/jm00088a015 WI-38 11
20733037 10.1128/aac.00669-10 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 11
1652016 10.1021/jm00112a010 ESM 11

Data from ChEMBL 36 via Core Engine