Compound Detail

CHEMBL45

MELATONIN

💊 Approved Drug

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💊 Approved Drug

COc1ccc2[nH]cc(CCNC(C)=O)c2c1

ChEMBL ↗ Properties Compare Identifier

Basic Information

ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL45
Name	MELATONIN
Phase	Approved
Structure Type	MOL
InChI Key	DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Therapeutic	✓ Yes

Known Names

5-methoxy n-acetyl-tryptamine BCI-049 Circadin General nutrit Health aid Heidadouppi Icenia J5.258B Life ext Melapure Melatol Melatonin +17 more

Targets

268

Activities

Assay Types

PK Parameters

Publications

Known Names

Indications

Mechanisms

Molecular Properties

232.3

MW (Da)

1.86

ALogP

HBA

HBD

54.1

PSA (Å²)

0.84

QED

Ro5 Violations

Rot. Bonds

Drug Information

Molecule Type	Small molecule
First Approval	2007
Availability	Unknown
Chirality	Achiral

Routes of Administration

Oral

Flags

Natural Product

Extended Properties

Molecular Formula	C13H16N2O2
MW	232.28
Aromatic Rings	2
Heavy Atoms	17
NP-Likeness	-0.52

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism	Action Type	Target	Direct	Efficacy
Melatonin receptor agonist	AGONIST	Melatonin receptor	✓	✓

Indications

Autistic Disorder Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Acute Kidney Injury Anxiety Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Barrett Esophagus Brain Injuries Breast Neoplasms Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Delirium Dementia Depressive Disorder Eye Neoplasms Gastroesophageal Reflux Irritable Bowel Syndrome Migraine Disorders Neoplasms Neoplasms Schizophrenia

ATC Classification

N05CH01

melatonin

Level 1: NERVOUS SYSTEM

Level 2: PSYCHOLEPTICS

Activity Summary

Ki 174 meas. best 10.3

IC50 50 meas. best 10.77

EC50 42 meas. best 10.7

Kd 2 meas. best 9.82

Target Activity Profile

Target	Type	Best pChEMBL	Mean pChEMBL	Best (nM)	# Data
Melatonin receptor CHEMBL2094268	IC50	10.77	8.81	0.0	9
Unchecked CHEMBL612545	EC50	10.7	9.2627	0.0	11
Melatonin receptor type 1A CHEMBL1945	EC50	10.66	9.6683	0.0	12
Unchecked CHEMBL612545	Ki	10.3	9.1976	0.1	17
Melanophore CHEMBL614313	EC50	10.2	9.92	0.1	2
Melatonin receptor type 1B CHEMBL1946	EC50	10.16	9.3569	0.1	13
Melatonin receptor type 1A CHEMBL1945	Ki	10.1	9.5935	0.1	66
Melatonin receptor type 1C CHEMBL5495	EC50	10.1	10.0267	0.1	3
Rattus norvegicus CHEMBL376	IC50	10.1	10.1	0.1	1
Melatonin receptor CHEMBL2094268	Ki	10.08	9.524	0.1	10
Melatonin receptor type 1A CHEMBL1945	IC50	9.96	9.551	0.1	10
Melatonin receptor type 1B CHEMBL1946	Ki	9.92	9.488	0.1	60
Melatonin receptor type 1A CHEMBL1945	Kd	9.82	9.82	0.1	1
Melatonin receptor type 1B CHEMBL1946	Kd	9.82	9.82	0.1	1
Melatonin receptor CHEMBL2095154	Ki	9.75	9.2371	0.2	14
Unchecked CHEMBL612545	IC50	9.72	8.08	0.2	5
Melatonin receptor type 1B CHEMBL1946	IC50	9.52	9.36	0.3	3
Histamine H3 receptor CHEMBL264	Ki	9.3	9.3	0.5	1
Melatonin receptor type 1B CHEMBL4466	Ki	9.15	9.15	0.7	1
Melatonin receptor CHEMBL2095154	EC50	7.65	7.65	22.6	1
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] CHEMBL3959	Ki	7.56	7.405	27.6	2
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] CHEMBL3959	IC50	7.19	5.7733	64.6	6
MDA-MB-231 CHEMBL400	IC50	6.05	6.05	900.0	1
NON-PROTEIN TARGET CHEMBL3879801	IC50	5.72	4.87	1920.0	2
No relevant target CHEMBL2362975	IC50	5.72	5.72	1920.0	1
Myeloperoxidase CHEMBL2439	IC50	5.52	5.52	3000.0	1
Cytochrome P450 1A2 CHEMBL3356	Ki	4.92	4.92	12000.0	1
Cytochrome P450 1B1 CHEMBL4878	Ki	4.85	4.85	14000.0	1
Cytochrome P450 1A1 CHEMBL2231	Ki	4.23	4.23	59000.0	1
Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM CHEMBL3714531	IC50	4.12	4.12	75400.0	1

Pharmacokinetic Data

Parameter	Value	Units	Species
AUC	1150.0	ng.hr.mL-1	Rattus norvegicus
AUC	2490.0	ng.hr.mL-1	Rattus norvegicus
CL	35.0	mL.min-1.g-1	Rattus norvegicus
CL	25.5	mL.min-1.kg-1	Homo sapiens
CL	33.1	mL.min-1.kg-1	Rattus norvegicus
CL	35.2	mL.min-1.kg-1	Rattus norvegicus
Cmax	4950.92	nM	Rattus norvegicus
Cmax	2790000.0	nM	Rattus norvegicus
F	24.0	%	Rattus norvegicus
F	53.5	%	Rattus norvegicus
Ka	8.5	-	Coturnix
T1/2	1.22	hr	Homo sapiens
T1/2	1.255	hr	Rattus norvegicus
T1/2	0.03333	hr	Mus musculus
T1/2	0.5833	hr	Mus musculus
T1/2	0.25	hr	Rattus norvegicus
T1/2	0.2	hr	Rattus norvegicus
T1/2	0.2	hr	Not specified
T1/2	0.3333	hr	Homo sapiens
T1/2	0.54	hr	Rattus norvegicus
T1/2	0.33	hr	Rattus norvegicus
T1/2	0.53	hr	Rattus norvegicus
t1/2	-	-	Homo sapiens
T1/2	1.0	hr	Homo sapiens
Tmax	0.19	hr	Rattus norvegicus

Activity Data Samples

Top measurements by pChEMBL value

Target	Type	Rel.	Value	Units	pChEMBL	Assay	PubMed
Melatonin receptor	IC50	=	0.017	nM	10.77	Inhibition of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin stimulated calcium dependent dopamine releas...	8411005
Unchecked	EC50	=	0.01995	nM	10.7	Agonist activity at melatonin receptor in Xenopus laevis melanophores assessed a...	31727472
Melatonin receptor type 1A	EC50	=	0.022	nM	10.66	Agonist activity at human MT1 expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as inhibition o...	33682410
Melatonin receptor type 1A	EC50	=	0.0257	nM	10.59	Agonist activity at human MT1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibi...	21473625
Melatonin receptor type 1A	EC50	=	0.026	nM	10.59	Agonist activity at human MT1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrea...	21568291
Unchecked	Ki	=	0.05	nM	10.3	Binding affinity to MT1 receptor (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition constan...	38516587
Melanophore	EC50	=	0.063	nM	10.2	Agonist activity in Xenopus laevis melanophore assessed as potency for pigment a...	16759094
Melatonin receptor type 1A	EC50	=	0.0631	nM	10.2	Agonist activity at human melatonin MT1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-tr...	36724633
Melatonin receptor type 1A	EC50	=	0.06918	nM	10.16	Agonist activity at human melatonin MT1 receptor stably expressing in human HEK2...	35930058
Melatonin receptor type 1B	EC50	=	0.069	nM	10.16	Agonist activity at human melatonin receptor-2 transfected in CHO cell membranes...	26023814
Melatonin receptor type 1B	EC50	=	0.07	nM	10.15	Agonist activity at human MT2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increa...	33626870
Unchecked	EC50	=	0.074	nM	10.13	Agonist activity at melatonin receptor in Xenopus laevis melanophores assessed a...	26367450
Rattus norvegicus	IC50	=	0.0798	nM	10.1	Inhibition of forskolin stimulated cAMP production in neonatal rat pituitary	12213063
Melatonin receptor type 1A	Ki	=	0.08	nM	10.1	Inhibition of the 2-[125I]- iodomelatonin binding to Melatonin receptor type 1A ...	9435890
Melatonin receptor type 1C	EC50	=	0.07943	nM	10.1	Effect on pigment aggregation in Xenopus laevis melanophores	17459711
Melatonin receptor type 1B	EC50	=	0.07943	nM	10.1	Agonist activity at human melatonin MT2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-tr...	36724633
Unchecked	EC50	=	0.08	nM	10.1	Effective concentration for its agonist activity against melatonin of Xenopus me...	10737738
Melatonin receptor	Ki	=	0.0823	nM	10.08	Binding affinity against human Melatonin receptor type 1A (MT1) in CHO cells	12213063
Melatonin receptor	Ki	=	0.0823	nM	10.08	Ability to inhibit 2-[125I]iodomelatonin specific binding to human melatonin rec...	12213062
Melatonin receptor type 1A	Ki	=	0.0823	nM	10.08	Binding affinity against human Melatonin receptor type 1A (MT1)	12213063

Literature References

PubMed	DOI	Target Context	# Activities
-	10.6019/CHEMBL3885881	Rattus norvegicus	388
17706326	10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.06.003	Mus musculus	29
27736061	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01178	SH-SY5Y	16
15646539	10.1016/s0399-8320(04)95062-2	Unchecked	11
20870314	10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.017	Rattus norvegicus	10
19329323	10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.023	Unchecked	9
17408809	10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.01.027	Rattus norvegicus	8
33626870	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00627	ADMET	8
29420891	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01417	Mus musculus	8
15646539	10.1016/s0399-8320(04)95062-2	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	8
9733487	10.1021/jm970721h	Melatonin receptor type 1A	7
9207940	10.1021/jm960651z	Melatonin receptor	7
9207941	10.1021/jm960653j	Melatonin receptor	7
21237644	10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.068	Unchecked	6
37468498	10.1038/s41467-023-40064-9	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	6
28687205	10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.065	Oryctolagus cuniculus	6
20731361	10.1021/jm100529e	Rattus norvegicus	6
31727472	10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111847	Melatonin receptor type 1A	5
31727472	10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111847	Melatonin receptor type 1B	5
29420891	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01417	Amyloid-beta precursor protein	5

Data from ChEMBL 36 via Core Engine